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TextComprehensive Plan Glossary
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This Glossary, updated June 19, 2012, contains an alphabetical
listing defining terms as they are used in the context of the
Comprehensive Plan. These terms are not intended to be the same
definitions as used in the County's Zoning Ordinance. Rather, they
are intended only to explain terms used in the Plan.
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CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (CIP): The CIP guides the development of public facilities over a five year period. It shows the arrangement of projects in a sequential order based on a schedule of priorities and assigns an estimated cost and anticipated method of funding each project. The Capital Improvement Program provides the financial foundation necessary to implement the Comprehensive Plan and public facilities plans. CARBON MONOXIDE (CO): An odorless, colorless gas resulting from the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels. When present in high enough concentrations, CO can harm human health. CASE MANAGEMENT: Case management is the mechanism through which persons needing assistance receive assessment services and are linked to programs. Case managers advocate for services as well as monitor programs used by persons with special needs. CBC: See Community Business Centers. CIP: See Capital Improvement Program. CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT: Development in which individual lots may be smaller than the average lot authorized by the zoning ordinance. Buildable lots are located on a portion of rather than the entire site so that the residual area may be preserved for recreation or environmental protection. CO: See Carbon Monoxide. COG: See Council of Governments; also MWCOG. COLLECTOR STREET: A street that provides direct service to and from local areas, routing traffic to the arterial street system. A Collector Street provides the primary means of circulation between adjacent neighborhoods and can serve as a local bus route. The Street provides for the dual purpose of land access and local traffic movement. Generally, these roadways are not used for through trips. COMMUNITY BUSINESS CENTERS (CBC): These centers typically are planned for over 1,000,000 sq. ft. of commercial space. Historically older community-serving commercial areas that emerged along major roadways, Community Business Centers are areas where redevelopment should encourage a mix of uses focused around a core area of higher intensity, such as a town center or main street in a pedestrian-oriented setting. Transitions in intensity and compatible land uses should protect surrounding stable residential neighborhoods. COMMUNITY LIBRARIES: Medium sized facilities that offer a basic range of materials and services. Monthly circulation level is 15,000 to 50,000 volumes. COMMUNITY SERVICES: Retail, office and institutional uses that primarily serve the residents of surrounding neighborhoods. Examples of community services include dry cleaners, grocery stores, hardware stores and travel agencies. COMMUNITY SHOPPING CENTERS: Shopping centers that range in size from 100,000 to 400,000 square feet and typically serve a population of 40,000 to 150,000. A junior department store, a variety store or a discount store serves as an anchor. COMMUTER PARKING LOT: Facility where commuters may park their vehicles and then travel via carpool, vanpool, bus service, or rail service. COMMUTER RAIL STATION: Facility where passengers may board commuter rail train service. Facility typically includes passenger waiting areas, ticketing and information areas and parking areas. CONSERVATION: The restoration, stabilization, management, and wise use of natural and heritage resources for compatible educational, recreational, aesthetic, agricultural and scientific purposes, or environmental protection. CONSERVATION EASEMENT: A legal mechanism whereby a landowner retains ownership of his/her land, but grants some right(s) to the land to a "holder" that is defined as a charitable organization declared exempt from taxation pursuant to 26 U.S.C.A. § 501 (c) (3). The Code of Virginia, Virginia Conservation Easements Act, § 10.1-1900, authorizes these private, non-profit entities, such as land trusts, to hold easements when the entity has a primary purpose to retain or protect natural or open space, agricultural, forestal, recreational, or open space use; protect natural resources; maintain or enhance air or water quality; preserve historic, architectural or archaeological resources. [The Virginia Conservation Easement Act, Va. Code Ann. §§ 10.1-1009 through -1016 (Michie 1998)] CONTEXT SENSITIVE SOLUTIONS (CSS): A collaborative, interdisciplinary approach that involves all stakeholders to develop a transportation facility that fits its physical setting and preserves scenic, aesthetic, historic and environmental resources, while maintaining safety and mobility. CSS is an approach that considers the total context within which a transportation improvement project will exist (Federal Highway Administration, FHWA). CORRIDOR: See Enhanced Public Transportation Corridor. CORRIDOR STUDIES: Studies which determine whether there exist a need to be addressed by the project and an analysis of a range of reasonable alternatives with regard to their effectiveness in meeting County transportation goals and objectives, their cost and their direct, indirect and cumulative impacts on the environment, heritage resources, parklands, stable and/or residential neighborhoods, and other social and economic values. The scope and geographic breadth of corridor level studies must be commensurate with the scale of the impact area involved, the size of alternative investments being evaluated, and the magnitude of potential impacts. COUNTY 2232 REVIEW PROCESS: A mechanism for reviewing the compatibility of proposed public facilities, pursuant to §15.2 2232 of the Code of Virginia, with the locational guidelines established in the Comprehensive Plan. Specifically, this process is used to determine if the general or approximate location, character and extent of a proposed facility are in substantial accord with the Plan. COUNTYWIDE PARKS: Parks that provide large scale indoor or outdoor recreation facilities, or both, and often provide specialized or unique facilities such as golf courses, RECenters, ice rink, large group facilities, sports complexes and lakefront parks that serve most or all of the County. These larger parks offer opportunities to combine diverse indoor and outdoor facilities and activities in unique ways, sometimes in or near natural settings. The size of these parks varies, but are typically more than 150 acres. CROSSCOUNTY TRAVEL: Trips extending from one side of a county to the opposite side. Such trips are usually circumferential as opposed to radial in direction. For example, a trip with an origin in Springfield and destination in Reston, or vice versa, is regarded as crosscounty travel. CULTURAL RESOURCES: Cultural resources are those sites or structures, including their landscape settings that exemplify the cultural, architectural, economic, social, political, or historic heritage of the County or its communities. Such sites or structures have been; 1) listed in, or determined eligible for listing in, the National Register of Historic Places or the Virginia Landmarks Register; 2) determined to be a contributing structure within a district so listed or eligible for listing; 3) located within and considered as a contributing structure within a Fairfax County Historic Overlay District; or 4) listed in, or having a reasonable potential as determined by the County for meeting the criteria for listing in, the Fairfax County Inventories of Historic or Archaeological Sites. See Heritage Resources. CUT THROUGH TRAFFIC: Traffic that utilizes local streets rather than the arterial roadway network for through movement. Various operational and design techniques may be applied to alleviate this problem.
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