Mongolia is a land-locked country located in northern Asia bordered by Russia to the north and China in all other directions. Mongolia is slightly larger than Alaska and the Gobi Desert is located in the south central part of the country.
Mongolia has a mixed parliamentary/presidential form of government. Presidential candidates are nominated by the political parties in the legislative branch. The president is elected by popular vote to a four-year term with eligibility for a second term. The capital is Ulaanbaatar which is located in the northern part of the country. The currency is the togrog/tugrik.
The July 2007 estimate of the population was 2,951,786 with a population growth rate of 1.49 percent. The country has a moderate infant mortality rate of 4.59 percent. The current life expectancy is 67 years with women outliving men by almost five years.
Ninety percent of the population speaks Khalkha Mongrol; Turkic and Russian are also spoken. Mongolia has a 97.8 percent literacy rate of people over the age of 15 with men and women being equally literate. Fifty percent of the population is Buddhist Lamaist. Shamanist and Christian make up six percent of the population, Muslim four percent, and 40 percent of the population claim no religion.
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