The oldest republic in the world, San Marino is about one-third the size of Washington, D.C.—one of the tiniest republics in Europe. San Marino is surrounded by Italy and is located near the coast of the Adriatic Sea in the central Apennines. Much of the country is located on Mount Titano. Serravalle is the largest city, and San Marino is the capital. San Marino has been a part of the United Nations since 1992.
San Marino has a Mediterranean climate, with mild winters and warm, sunny, summers.
About 20 percent of the 29,615 Sammarinese live in the capital. The people are Roman Catholics. The country has a high literacy rate of 96%.
San Marino has a formal agreement with Italy, after signing a treaty in 1862, granting San Marino the right to use the Italian language and currency.
San Marino’s economy depends on its agriculture, cattle raising, and tourism. Its postage stamps are also a significant source of income. San Marino’s chief exports are stone, ceramics, wine, wood, wheat, and chestnuts.
The Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs heads state and government. The Grand and General Council make up its legislative unit.
The official unit of currency is the euro.
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