(Posted 2025 September)

You’ve probably heard the term “rape culture” before—but what is it, exactly? We define it as an environment where sexual violence is normalized, ignored, trivialized, or excused due to societal attitudes about gender, power, and sexuality. It describes a culture in which harmful beliefs, behaviors, and systemic inequalities contribute to the prevalence of sexual violence and make it easier for those acts to happen while minimizing accountability for people who inflict sexual violence on others and silencing or blaming survivors.

Major Aspects of Rape Culture
Rape culture is built on a foundation of sexism, racism and colonialism, and homophobia, which are the building blocks to normalizing sexual assault. This includes: 

1. Victim Blaming. Survivors of sexual violence are often questioned or blamed for their own assault, with people implying their clothing, behavior, or decisions (e.g., drinking, walking alone, etc.) made them responsible for being assaulted.
2. Normalization of Sexual Violence. Jokes, media portrayals, and casual attitudes trivialize the severity of sexual assault, supporting the idea that such behavior is not a serious issue. The over-sexualization and degradation of women in media, advertising, and culture can contribute to their dehumanization, leading to power dynamics that enable sexual violence.
3. Pressure to Stay Silent. Survivors of sexual violence may face stigma, disbelief, or social consequences, which discourages them from coming forward and seeking justice. They might also be pressured to “forgive” the person who assaulted them or not “ruin their lives” by reporting the crime.
4. Misguided Gender Stereotypes and Systems of Oppression. Narrow and harmful views about gender roles-- the belief that men are always sexually aggressive (“boys will be boys”) or that women are responsible for managing men’s desires--reinforce inequalities and perpetuate violence. We must consider that black women and other people of color and members of other marginalized communities experience sexual trauma in unique ways due to larger systems of racism and discrimination. 
5. Lack of Accountability. Perpetrators of sexual violence often receive lenient consequences due to societal biases, victim blaming, or legal and institutional failures to address the issue effectively.

Resisting Rape Culture
By standing up and speaking out when we see or hear problematic behavior, we can change rape culture into a culture of consent. It’s important that we continue to have these conversations to rewrite the script and make consent culture the default. Addressing rape culture requires education, cultural shifts, and systemic changes, including:

• Promoting comprehensive consent education and healthy relationship models.
• Challenging victim blaming and calling out inappropriate jokes or comments.
• Advocating for survivor-centered support systems and policies.
• Addressing systemic gender inequalities and redefining harmful gender norms.

Ultimately, dismantling rape culture involves fostering an environment of mutual respect, accountability, and justice where sexual violence is never tolerated or dismissed.

Fairfax County’s Domestic and Sexual Violence Services division supports adults, teens, and children who have been impacted by domestic and sexual violence, stalking, and human trafficking. Services are confidential, free, and provided regardless of race, gender, ethnicity, national origin, age, disability, religion, gender identity, or sexual orientation. 

If you or someone you know is experiencing interpersonal violence, call the Domestic and Sexual Violence 24-Hour Hotline at 703-360-7273 for resources and support. If you are in immediate danger, call 9-1-1.

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