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Park Authority

  1. Home
  2. Park Authority
  3. Old Colchester Park and Preserve

Alert:

CONTACT INFORMATION: Open during regular business hours 8 a.m. - 4:30 p.m., Monday - Friday
703-324-8700 TTY 711
parkmail@fairfaxcounty.gov
12055 Government Center Pkwy.
Fairfax, Virginia 22035
fairfaxparks
Jai Cole
Executive Director

Department Resources

  • Department Homepage
  • Hours
    • Operational Hours
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    • Rec Center Schedules
  • Parks
    • Find It
    • Waterfront Parks
    • Nature and History
    • Water Parks and Spray Grounds
    • Sports and Fitness
    • Specialty Attractions
  • Rec Centers
    • Rec Centers Home
    • Memberships
    • Rec Center Schedules
    • Audrey Moore
    • Cub Run
    • Franconia
    • George Washington
    • Mount Vernon
    • Oakmont
    • Providence
    • South Run
    • Spring Hill
  • Golf Courses
    • Golf Home
    • Operating Status
    • Burke Lake Golf Center
    • Greendale Golf Course
    • Jefferson Golf Course
    • Laurel Hill Golf Club
    • Oakmont Golf Center
    • Pinecrest Golf Course
    • Twin Lakes Golf Course
  • Events Calendar
  • Park Reservations
    • Picnic Areas (Picnic shelters, canopy’s, gazebos)
    • Camping Reservations
    • Golf Tee Times
    • Water Mine
    • Our Special Harbor
  • Programs and Activities
    • PARKTAKES ONLINE
    • Summer Entertainment Series
    • Classes
    • Camps
    • Popular Activities
    • Farmers Markets
    • Healthy Strides
    • Preschool
    • Group Activities
    • Gift Cards
    • Wonder Wagon
    • Dogs of Fairfax County
    • Older Adults
  • Park Maintenance Requests
    • Request Tree and Debris Removal
    • Athletic Field Maintenance
  • Board and Committee Meetings
  • Park Budget and Fees
  • Natural and Cultural Resources
    • Archaeology and Collections
    • Heritage Conservation
    • Nature and Natural Resources
  • Trails
    • Trails Home
    • Trail Buddy
    • Discovery Trail Map
    • Accessible Trails
    • Cross County Trail
    • Bike Trails
    • Equestrian Trails
    • Trail Mix QR Code Fitness Trails
    • First Hike
  • Special Topics
  • Jobs at the Park Authority
    • #joinFCPA
    • Jobs
  • Rentals and Permits
    • Park Use Permits
    • Facility Rentals
    • Easements and Permits
  • Long Range Planning
  • Planning and Improvements
    • Planning Projects
    • Development Projects
    • Park Bond
    • Quarterly Project Updates
  • Park News
  • Connect
    • Contact Us
    • Stay Informed and Engaged
    • Park News
    • Subscribe to E-News and E-Newsletters
    • Support Your Parks
    • Friends Group
    • Mastenbrook Volunteer Matching Fund Grant Program
    • Volunteer
    • Park Volunteer Teams
  • About Us
    • Park Authority Board
    • Rules
    • Awards
  • Weather-Related Closures
  • Recreation Services for Customers with Disabilities ♿
  • Parks Website Comments

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Old Colchester Park and Preserve

Old Colchester Park and Preserve contains some of the most significant archaeological and natural resources in Fairfax County’s park network. The park is approximately 140 forested acres near the mouth of the Occoquan River. There is no parking, there are no facilities, and there are no marked trails. The Park Authority acquired the land between 2006 and 2013 and developed a Master Plan for it in 2015. Archaeological investigations began in 2010 and have been supremely productive. The site has been recommended for listing in the National Register of Historic Places.

Old Colchester Master Plan

Shoreline along Occoquan River at Old Colchester

Natural Resources

The Park Authority completed a Natural Resource Management Plan (NRMP) for Old Colchester in 2011. The formal plan assesses the park’s natural resources with an emphasis on water and vegetation. The NRMP also identifies problems the park faces, in particular non-native invasive species, deer overpopulation, and human impacts.
The Park Authority has been implementing the Natural Resource Management Plan since 2012 using funds dedicated for the preserve when the land was transferred to the agency. Staff has monitored and enhanced vernal pools, treated non-native invasive species, and documented sensitive animals and plants in the park.
In the fall of 2015, a wetland study began investigating whether a rare type of swamp on the property that was historically drained could be restored. Preparations were made in 2015 to promote forest health and stimulate plant growth using prescribed fire. In addition, small-scale, innovative erosion control measures were started in February 2016 to prevent the loss of forested soil and to improve the condition of small and seasonal streams.

Old Colchester Natural Resource Management Plan

Vernal pools in Old Colchester Park

Cultural Resources


The Colchester Archaeological Research Team (CART) began investigations in the park in 2010. More than ten sites have been explored and have revealed artifacts dating back approximately 10,000 years. The discoveries create a history of the area ranging from hunter-gatherer societies through the development of pottery to the agricultural settlements that the first Europeans encountered. More recent discoveries include structures that may have been a residence and a detached kitchen that points toward use as 18th century housing for slaves.
The park contains about one-quarter of the historic town of Colchester, which originally was surveyed in 1754. This was a tobacco inspection/export town that developed into a major social, cultural and economic center. Structures from the homes of some of the town’s 18th century residents have been located. French and American troops passed through the area in 1781 and camped nearby on their way to the Battle of Yorktown. The town of Old Colchester declined in the mid-1800s.
Details of the site’s history and cultural resources are online:


The C.A.R.T. Archaeology Blog

An excavation site at Old Colchester

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